1-Resistive Coupling
One of the most common sudden surge damages occurs due to resistive coupling. They affect both underground and overhead power transmission systems. Resistive coupling can occur from voltage increases caused by a lightning strike in an area or between two electrically connected structures. This electrical connection can be any of the following:
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- Power feeders or transformers
- Data or LAN lines
- Telecom lines
- Energy or signal systems between two structures
Example
In the above system, each electronic device communicating via the data line is grounded separately. When lightning strikes, the impulse starts to propagate through the ground. Due to different grounding resistances, a surge occurs at a point, damaging sensitive systems.
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2-Inductive Coupling
If lightning strikes with a high current, this current generates a strong electromagnetic field, which can damage data lines, UPS systems, and communication systems.
