Protection of Railway Stations Against Overvoltage | Example
15 July 2016Protection of Gasoline and LPG Stations with Low Voltage Surge Protectors
22 July 2016Ways of lightning protection is an integrated system that requires expertise and engineering, formed by the combination of many elements. Lightning is the phenomenon that causes the most environmental damage among natural disasters. For correct and complete lightning protection, the IEC 62305 lightning protection standard must be taken into consideration. In this context, it is of great importance to design internal lightning protection, i.e., surge arresters, external lightning protection, grounding, and the equipotential system integrated together.
Unfortunately, in our country, the only system that comes to mind when lightning protection is mentioned is lightning rod (ESE) systems; however, active lightning rod systems are not the correct method for lightning protection, and systems installed using only lightning rods actually increase the risk further. Within the scope of the IEC 62305 standard, system installation with passive air terminals stands out as the most correct method, and the rolling sphere method among passive air terminals is the method involving the most advanced lightning protection engineering studies. It is of great importance that down conductors are isolated and equipotential system integration is ensured. However, none of these protect electrical systems. The fundamental part of the lightning protection system that protects electrical systems is Low Voltage Surge Arrester products. Whether it is a lightning rod or a passive air terminal, after the lightning reaches the ground, it can damage all devices within a 2km radius. Therefore, an LV Surge Arrester system must definitely be used. The first thing to do when determining Lightning Protection Methods is a professional site survey. It is impossible for us to reach a correct result without conducting a site survey. As a result of the site survey, we can design the correct system. The structural facility feature is the most important factor for us to find the right way as a lightning protection method. However, generally speaking, External Lightning Protection, Grounding,
1 External Lightning Protection
External lightning protection systems are systems that protect structures against the physical effects of lightning. An external lightning protection system must be designed in appropriate standards according to lightning risk analysis. At this point, the systems recommended by IEC 62305 are;
- Passive Air Terminals
- Mesh Method
- Catenary Wire Method
- Protection Angle Method
- Isolated External Lightning Protection Systems
To review External Lightning Protection https://yilkomer.com/dis-yildirimlik/
Isolated Down Conductor
A separation distance ‘S’ must absolutely be left between the lightning down conductor and our structure/electrical cables within the scope of the IEC 62305 standard. We need to leave the separation distance S in order to protect our devices from the magnetic effect as well as the burning effect of the lightning impulse reaching temperatures up to 28,000 Celsius. If we cannot provide this distance during the descent, we must use isolated lightning down conductors.
Click for more details https://yilkomer.com/elko-bis-izoleli-yildirim-inis-iletkeni/.
2 Internal Lightning Protection
Internal lightning protection surge arrester systems must be used to protect against the electrical effects of lightning and sudden internal overvoltages. Lightning impulses are on the 10/350 curve. Therefore, we recommend installing Class B surge arresters that can dampen these impulses. After protecting the main panels with Class B, secondary panels should also be protected with surge arresters that protect against Class C sudden internal overvoltage impulses. Similarly, systems such as sensitive PLC, automation, and communication lines should be protected with Class D surge arresters. The general prevailing opinion is that only the external lightning protection system will be sufficient for lightning protection. However, external lightning protection systems only protect against physical effects.
For more detailed information, you can review https://yilkomer.com/ic-yildirimlik-sistemlerinin-onemi/.
3 Equipotential
What we see in grounding systems is that the equipotential concept is not paid attention to. The concept of potential equalization is neglected, and different parts of the facilities are grounded independently of each other. However, the correct way is to connect the grounding system of the facility to the equipotential busbar. Thus, the voltage that may occur between any two points in your business is prevented and equipotential is ensured among all grounding protections.
Review in more detail now https://yilkomer.com/es-potansiyel-topraklama-barasi/
4 Grounding
It is of great importance that grounding systems are carried out within the framework of standards and by considering engineering calculations. Indeed, a poorly made grounding system carries a huge risk. In some structures, there may be a grounding installation surrounding the building in the soil. However, this grounding installation is generally made of copper or galvanized strip. This line surrounds the building approximately 1 meter away from the building foundation. The ohm resistance of this type of grounding installation is lower than the resistance of the external lightning protection installation . Nevertheless, if a grounding suitable in every respect is desired for the lightning rod, a separate grounding must be made. It should be ensured that there is equipotential between the building’s earth installation and the external lightning protection grounding, and both must be connected to each other. If sensitive devices such as computers are connected to the general grounding installation of the building; in this case, it may be considered that the two groundings are independent. The distance between them must be at least 10-20 m in order for the two grounding installations to be completely isolated from each other.
